Cushing's Disease in Dandie Dinmont Terriers
Cushing's disease, where the body overproduces the stress hormone cortisol, can develop in Dandie Dinmont Terriers, typically in middle to senior age. The condition develops gradually and is often initially mistaken for normal aging. Awareness of the classical signs — increased drinking, eating, and pot-belly — enables earlier diagnosis.
Prevalence
Moderate risk in senior individuals
Typical Onset
8-12 years
Severity
Severe
Symptoms to Watch For
If your Dandie Dinmont Terrier shows any of these signs, monitor closely and consult your veterinarian.
Risk Factors
- •advancing age
- •pituitary gland microadenoma (most common cause)
- •chronic steroid medication (iatrogenic form)
- •adrenal tumor (less common)
Diagnosis
ACTH stimulation test and low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDS) are the primary screening tests. Urine cortisol:creatinine ratio is a good screening test (normal ratio rules out Cushing's). Abdominal ultrasound evaluates adrenal gland size. High-dose dexamethasone suppression test or endogenous ACTH level differentiates pituitary (80-85%) from adrenal (15-20%) forms. MRI for pituitary tumors.
Treatment
Pituitary-dependent: trilostane (Vetoryl) is the first-line treatment — blocks cortisol production. Requires regular ACTH stimulation monitoring. Mitotane is an alternative. Adrenal tumor: surgical adrenalectomy if the tumor hasn't invaded blood vessels. Radiation therapy for large pituitary tumors. Lifelong monitoring required.
Prevention
No proven prevention for naturally occurring Cushing's. Iatrogenic Cushing's is prevented by using corticosteroids at the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration. Regular monitoring during chronic steroid therapy.
When to See a Vet
See your vet if your dog develops a combination of increased drinking, urination, appetite, and a pot-bellied appearance. Cushing's is often confused with normal aging — if your senior dog is drinking more water, get blood work done.
Other Health Conditions in Dandie Dinmont Terriers
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